According to VCA Animal Hospitals, pet obesity is not unusual, and about a third of dogs in the Lithuania are obese. For a canine companion to be “considered obese … they weigh 20% or more above their ideal body weight.” Now, your pup’s ideal weight has a lot to do with his size and breed. If you are having difficulty determining whether your furry friend is at a healthy weight, consider getting your vet’s opinion on the matter. 

Unfortunately, if your dog is obese, they have a higher chance of having poor health. In a 2020 YouTube video, rehabilitation therapist, Dr. Jennifer Freeman shared that “there are a myriad of issues when your pet is overweight.” 

“It goes from exacerbating arthritis to making it more difficult to handle heat when they’re outside, respiratory issues and even cancer that comes about in a roundabout way. We used to not really look at obesity or fat tissue as an active tissue but we know now that it actually is. And the more excessive fat tissue that you have in your body, the more it causes generalized inflammation, so that’s what leads to these certain health complications,” explained Dr. Freeman. 

Fortunately, there are ways to help combat pet obesity. For one, you should focus on regularly exercising your pet. Consider taking your pooch on a 30-minute walk each day before you head out to work. That being said, if your precious pup has joint issues or arthritis you may want to look into physical therapy programs. Dr. Freeman explained that during a physical therapy program intended for weight loss, most animals use an underwater treadmill.

“It’s difficult to walk in there, it’s a lot of work. They burn calories -- they get a better range of motion. So a lot of the dogs who are obese that have difficulty holding themselves up on land, they can walk on the treadmill. Usually we have them come in a couple of times of week for a while and then hopefully the goal is they can go out with their owners after having lost some weight and gained some stamina,” said the rehabilitation therapist.

Under your vet’s guidance, you may also want to change up your pet’s diet. According to Dr. Greg Martinez, DVM., pet parents with an obese pooch should “cut [their] calories by 20 percent.” This means that you should refrain from giving them high-calorie treats or table scraps. 

In a July 2019 YouTube video, Dr. Devon Smith, DMV, shared that “it’s recommended that your pet sees its vet every six months for routine wellness care.” She noted that our furry friends need these examinations twice a year because they “age on a much more rapid scale than [humans] do.” 

“Regular check-ups are crucial for early disease detection, which might help improve your pet’s quality of life and lifespan,” asserted Dr. Smith. 

That being said, while speaking to Southern Living in June 2021, Dr. Amy Stone, who is a clinical assistant professor at the University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, shared that your dog’s vet appointments should be contingent upon the age of the animal. 

"Puppies, like human babies, go to the doctor quite a bit in their first year of life for immunizations and other young animal issues. Once they are fully immunized and probably spayed or neutered, they typically need to come in for a visit yearly," said Dr. Stone. 

She did note, however, that senior dogs should head over to their vet twice a year. 

Now, most pups are not super fond of veterinary clinics. Professional trainer Zak George shared in a 2017 YouTube video that there are some ways to ease your dog’s nerves prior to your next vet appointment. 

“One quick tip that’s almost sure to remove some anxiety is to thoroughly exercise your dog just before going to the vet,” said George. 

The trainer also noted that dog owners should consider “spend[ing] a few minutes in [your vet’s] lobby” on days when your canine companion does not have an appointment. George suggested allowing your furry friend to “smell around” while “offering them a few treats.” 

“Our goal is to make the vet’s office a normal, fun place, so don’t wait until it’s time to go to the vet to go to the vet. Visit the vet office between appointments as often as possible,” stated George. 

How does your dog react when they have to go to the vet? Let us know in the comments below!

image source: Rover.com

However, that simply is not the case. The fact of the matter is that dogs may have to be muzzled for several reasons. For instance, canine behavior specialist Robert Cabral explained in a May 2020 video uploaded on his YouTube channel that dogs may have to be muzzled at a veterinary clinic if they exhibit nervous behaviors. He shared that vets typically use cloth muzzles, which “prevents a dog’s mouth from opening.” He warned, however, that this type of muzzle could be potentially dangerous. 

“When you close the dog’s mouth, you take away the dog’s ability to pant, so it’s really important that you consider that if a dog is panting or is stressed or is hot. If the dog can’t pant the dog could go into shock, the dog could overheat, and many other things,” explained Cabral. 

That being said, some dogs do need to wear a muzzle for behavioral issues and there’s no shame in that. For example, if you know your furry friend is reactive around other dogs and you decide to put a muzzle on them before you go out in public, you are being a responsible dog owner. Cabral recommends that dogs who “have bite issues” should wear basket muzzles. 

Now, this type of muzzle may look like it could be uncomfortable. However, according to the Animal Humane Society “[w]hen used properly, a well-fitting muzzle should never cause your dog any pain or discomfort.” The organization noted that our canine companions “are able to pant, drink water, and even take treats with ease once they’re used to their properly fitting basket muzzle.” 

That being said, dogs don’t usually take an immediate liking to basket muzzles. For this reason, Cabral suggests that an owner give their dog treats while slowly introducing the muzzle. 

“Always teach your dog that putting a muzzle on is a good thing and a really easy way to get your dog to understand that is to take a little piece of kibble, drop it inside, and give it to your dog,” noted the dog trainer. 

During a 2017 YouTube video, Melissa Fenstermaker, Head Trainer at Union Lake Pet Services, warned, “for your dog’s safety you don’t want to leave the muzzle on for extended periods of time.” 

“We also don’t want you to leave it on and them unattended. We want to make sure you are supervising them at all times so they are not going to hurt themselves trying to get that muzzle off,” said Fenstermaker. 

Have you used a muzzle on your dog before? Let us know in the comments below!

According to Dr. Courtney Campbell, a board-certified veterinary surgeon, if left untreated, heartworms could be fatal to dogs and “have been documented in all 50 states,” which means you need to be diligent as a pup parent. He also noted that heartworm disease “comes from mosquitos.”

In a 2013 video, uploaded on the American Veterinary Medical Association channel, Dr. Shelly Rubin, DMV, explained that these parasitic “worms are transmitted in a microscopic state by an infected mosquito and then travel through your pet’s blood vessels and eventually make their way to the hearts and lungs.” If that’s not bad enough, they also will “reproduce and create new microscopic young worms called microfilaria which are circulating in the blood.” He noted that once an infected mosquito bites your precious pup, “it takes about six to nine months for the worms to grow to full size.” Some dog owners may have difficulty realizing their furry friend is infected. A few symptoms to look out for are coughing, lethargy, and appetite loss. 

Now, the very thought of your dog getting heartworm disease is terrifying. However, Dr. Rubin asserted that it “is almost 100% preventable.” Depending on the pup and the issue at hand, your vet will prescribe a “topical, oral, [or] injectable” preventative. Vets also advise dogs to get blood tests at least once a year to see if they have heartworm. 

“By taking your pet to the veterinarian for regular preventative care and properly administering the treatment prescribed in a timely fashion you can help your pet avoid the devastating heartworm disease,” said Dr. Rubin.

However, it actually is an unfortunate injury that is often seen in breeds like labs, Great Danes, and Pit Bulls. According to the Veterinary Centers of America Inc., the injury happens after a pup hits the tip of their tail “repeatedly against solid objects,” usually because they are just too darn excited. While speaking to The Bark in 2018, Dr. Carrie Uehlein, who co-owns the Veterinary Hospital of Davidson in Davidson, NC, explained that pups who are prone to this syndrome tend to be “bright, energetic, and super excited to see people.” Here at the Gentle Pit, we can attest that this perfectly describes Pit Bulls!

“They will not stop wagging their tails no matter how much it may hurt them,” said the veterinarian. 

Unfortunately, this means they will keep wagging, even if their skin tears, which can cause “bleeding ulcers,” as reported by the VCA. The publication also noted that Happy Tail can also “expose delicate nerves that cause pain,” meaning for your pup’s sake, you will need to take them to the vet. Depending on the severity of the injury, the veterinarian may simply “bandag[e] the injured area” and give your pup some “antibiotics and pain medication.”

However, there are other ways to help heal Happy Tail. During The Bark interview, Dr. Uehlein asserted, “K-laser treatments work the best” for this type of injury. She noted that this involves “a class 4 warm light laser that increases oxygenated blood flow to the region you are treating to quicken the healing time.” 

The Bark noted that without “K-laser treatments," pup parents can expect the “healing time” to be about five weeks. The VCA also reported that if the injury does not “heal, the best solution is surgical shortening of the tail.” To avoid amputation, seek medical treatment for your dog at the first signs of Happy Tail.

Foxtail Grass 

Those who live on the West Coast have probably run into their fair share of Foxtail Grass. Despite its adorable name, the weed is extremely dangerous for dogs. According to Fetch by WebMD, issues may emerge if your dog inhales the plant’s seeds or if the seeds are embedded into their skin. The seeds can “cause discharge, abscesses, swelling, pain, and death.” To ensure that your dog is not harmed by Foxtail Grass, avoid “overgrown, grassy areas.” If you believe your pup may have gotten near foxtail grass, give their body a thorough look. You should contact a vet if you notice that your dog has been excessively itching their ears, paws, or genitals, or if you notice unusual discharge around their eyes and nose. 

Stinging Nettle 

Just based on the name alone, you can assume that any animal, including humans, should avoid stinging nettles. Wag! reported that dogs “who are exposed to the plant … can be poisoned by thousands of injections of acetylcholine which can seriously affect the peripheral nerves.” Some signs that your pooch has come “into contact with the stinging nettle,” include skin irritation, difficulty breathing, and stomach issues. Dogs who experience these symptoms should be taken to the vet. They will likely prescribe a topical solution to ease any skin irritation. 

Cow Parsnip 

Cow Parsnip is another plant that could be potentially dangerous to your furry friend. According to Wag!, the small white wildflower can cause your canine companion to have dermatitis, hyperpigmentation, and/or severe “ocular damage [that can result in] permanent blindness.” If your dog consumes the plant, they will likely have “intestinal irritation” that is often accompanied by “nausea and vomiting.” Again, you’ll want to take a trip to the veterinarian if you notice any of these symptoms. During the visit, the vet will either give your dog a topical, intestinal, or optical treatment, depending on the diagnosis.   

Oleander

Despite being one of the most beautiful flowers, Oleanders are poisonous to dogs and humans alike. You’ll want to make sure that your pup doesn’t consume the flower, as it could “affect a dog's heart by interrupting the electrolyte balance there,” as reported by Dog Health. If your dog has eaten the plant, they will need to go to the vet as soon as possible.

If you have a dog who gets anxious when there are unfamiliar noises, it may be in your best interest to keep them by your side during the Fourth of July. Consider following these suggestions that may help your furry friend keep calm on Independence Day.

Have Them Watch Firework Videos

A few days prior to the 4th, consider having them watch firework videos on YouTube. Canine Behavior Consultant, Jenn Stanley, recommended this method while speaking to the American Kennel Club in June 2021. 

“The volume should be low enough that your dog can notice it, but does not show signs of stress like panting, pacing, leaving the area or trying to hide. We call this keeping the dog ‘below threshold,’ and it makes it possible for learning to take place. If the dog is overwhelmed, they’re looking to escape the situation and are not going to be nearly as capable of learning that it’s not a threat,” explained Stanley.  

Make A Calming Space 

 While speaking to the American Kennel Club, Dr. Judy Morgan, DVM, explained that because “[d]ogs are den animals — they’re looking for that cave to get away from it all.” So, before the 4th, make a comfy, calming space for your pup in either your bathroom or walk-in closet if you have one. 

Give Them Plenty Of Exercise

Make sure your dog gets plenty of exercise before the fireworks show. If the weather permits, you may even want to head over to a local hiking trail to really tire them out. This tactic usually works wonders for my dog, who is terrified of thunderstorms. If she has a really long day, full of activities like going to the dog park or dog beach, she sleeps through the noises that would usually trigger her anxiety. 

Use Distraction Tactics 

If you can hear fireworks from your house, use some distraction tactics, like a puzzle toy, so your dog’s focus will be on something else besides loud, scary noises. During an interview with Scientific American, veterinary behaviorist Ilana Reisner also suggested that "before the fireworks start, cook up an irresistible food such as chicken breast, special meat or salmon cookies, microwave tiny bits of nitrate-free hot dogs, and popcorn.”

"Stock a treat bag. Feed one piece at a time to your dog throughout the fireworks to counter condition and distract. If your dog is willing, make a game of it and ask her to sit, down, 'find it', shake hands and other distracting cues. Freeze a Kong with kibble mixed with baby food. Feed dinner through the toy,” said Reisner. 

Consult Your Veterinarian

Consult your dog’s veterinarian to see if they believe your pup should be on any anxiety medication. 

Unfortunately, rattlesnake venom “can be fatal to dogs,” as reported by the Veterinary Specialists of the Rockies. Thankfully, there are ways to prevent your precious pooch from being bitten. 

1.Don’t Allow Your Dog Off-Leash 

It’s very tempting to let your pup off-leash and explore his surroundings. After all, dogs want nothing more than to sniff every single tree and bush they see. That being said, dogs aren’t the best at being aware of their surroundings and probably won’t realize that a rattlesnake is in their close proximity until it is too late. For this reason, you should always have a tight grip on your furry friend’s leash.

2. Keep Your Cool If You See A Rattlesnake

If you realize that there is a rattlesnake close to you, proceed with caution. You don’t want to act erratically, as it may agitate your dog, which in turn may irritate the snake, increasing its chances of biting. It’s best to take a different path and calmly walk away from the rattlesnake.  

3. See if Rattlesnake Vaccinations Are Right For Your Dog 

There are rattlesnake vaccinations available for dogs who are at least four months old. According to Methow Valley Veterinary Hospital, a “dog should get at least two doses about 30 days apart in the initial vaccination sequence.” Consult your vet to see if getting your dog a rattlesnake vaccination would be the best course of action.  

If your dog does end up getting bitten by a rattlesnake while out on the trail, get in contact with an emergency veterinarian clinic right away. Once you detail exactly what happened, take your dog to said clinic as soon as possible. According to the Veterinary Specialists of the Rockies, your dog may have to stay overnight, and “based on the veterinarian’s assessment of severity, bloodwork results, and suspected type of snake, antivenom may be administered.”

She went on to say fostering would likely be more popular “if more people knew about [its] lifesaving impact.” Kogut also insisted that anyone who enjoys the company of pets would be a suitable foster pup parent. She then encouraged those with families to consider fostering because “children can help and learn how to care for animals.”

While becoming a foster pup parent is an incredible experience, there are a few things to consider before taking on the responsibility. Now fostering is less of a commitment than adopting. However, depending on their needs, a foster animal may be placed in your care for months at a time. You should also have a relatively spacious home so the dog can have their own designated area if needed. In addition, you will need to inform the shelter if you already have pets at home, just in case the foster dog has issues with other animals.

Those who have determined fostering would be the right course of action, contact a representative from a nearby rescue or shelter. If you meet all the requirements, you will likely be matched with a foster dog. Before they arrive, be sure to have all the proper supplies, like bedding, kibble, and of course, some treats which is typically provided by the shelter you are fostering from. 

Have you fostered a dog before? Let us know in the comments below!

If you already have one of these plants in your garden, please keep a watchful eye out for your dog. There are symptoms that indicate your precious pup may have swallowed something harmful. According to Dr. Murl Bailey, a professor at the Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, “when pets ingest toxic plants, the first symptom is vomiting. Depending upon which plant is ingested, the animal may develop loose bowels, become depressed, or show excitement.” If you notice these signs, it’s in your pet’s best interest to have them seen by a vet straight away. 

Thankfully, there are quite a few gorgeous garden plants that are safe, even if your dog sneaks in a bite or two. For example, sunflowers will brighten up any yard. Crepe Myrtles are also super gorgeous during the summer season. If you want a water-wise pet-friendly plant, look no further than a houseleek succulent. You can also never go wrong with a classic rose bush. Just be careful that your dog doesn’t accidentally swallow or get pricked by a thorn!

What is your favorite dog-friendly plant? Let us know in the comments below!

Thankfully, there are a few ways to keep fleas and ticks at bay. 

1. If you happen to have a yard, please make the effort to maintain your lawn. According to VetStreet, “ticks tend to like high grasses” and “fleas prefer warm, moist, shady areas with organic debris,” such as leaf piles. 
2. Consider using a topical treatment, like medicated drops. Another effective solution is to have your dog wear a flea and tick repellent collar. Please contact your vet before starting your dog on any preventative treatments to get their professional opinion about what is best suited for your furry friend. 
3. Each time your dog goes on an adventure outside, specifically where there is high grass, thoroughly examine their fur and paws for pests. If you do happen to see a tick, remove it immediately. The AKC recommends using either “a pair of fine tweezers or a tick removal tool” to get the job done. You’ll also always want to be wearing gloves during the removal process. 
4. If you notice that there are fleas inside your home, thoroughly clean all of your bedding, furniture, and carpeting. 
5. There are also a few natural flea remedies, but again talk to your dog’s vet before you try out any of these solutions. Once you get a professional’s opinion on the matter, consider brushing through your dog’s fur with a comb that has been coated with lemon juice. You may also want to try spraying diluted Apple Cider Vinegar on your pup. 

What is your go-to flea and tick solution? Let us know in the comments below!

But can our canine companions live a happy, healthy life as vegans? 

While there are some conflicting studies, in general, they can. According to a 2020 BBC article, dogs, unlike cats, have no issue with digesting plant protein and, therefore, can forgo eating animal products. Before you start your dog on a plant-based diet, however, you should contact your veterinarian to make sure that the decision is right for your pet’s specific needs. 

"It is theoretically possible to feed a dog a vegetarian diet, but it’s much easier to get it wrong than to get it right. You would have to do it under the supervision of a veterinary-trained nutritionist,” explained Daniella Dos Santos, president of the British Veterinary Association. 

Popular vegan dog food brand, V-dog states on their website, “Unlike their ancestors, domestic dogs possess up to 30 copies of the AMY2B gene for digesting plant foods.” Also, “Vegan diets for dogs are naturally hypoallergenic, easily digestible and anti-inflammatory.”

Hills Pets also reported that a plant-based diet may not be “ideal” for dogs. The publication reported that “a dog food plan devoid of animal fats and proteins is potentially dangerous and should never be fed without the supervision of a professional.”

For this reason, pup parents who choose a vegan diet may consider giving their dog supplements. However, in an interview with Fetch WebMD, Jennifer Larsen, DVM, PhD, warned that this may not be the best method. She told the publication: 

“[Y]ou’re adding a lot of chemically synthesized nutrients to replace what would normally be in an appropriate diet.” 

Do you feed your dog a vegan diet? Let us know in the comments below! 

**All Gentle Pit blog posts are for entertainment/informational purposes only. We advise you to consult your veterinarian for proper nutrition recommendations to meet your dogs' unique needs. 

"The physical aspects of the pandemic are really visible. We have supply shortages and economic stress, fear of illness, all of our disrupted routines, but there's a real grief in all of that,” explained Lisa Carlson, former president of the American Public Health Association.

Now, we recommend seeking professional help if you notice a decline in your mental health. Once you talk to a doctor or a therapist, you may also want to consider adopting a dog to improve your mood. 

The Mental Health Foundation reported that a canine companion can help those diagnosed with depression feel motivated. Instead of staying curled up on the couch, you’ll be more inclined to leave the house and take your pooch on walks. You will feel better getting in some exercise and some fresh air. 

Even simply petting your dog has a myriad of benefits. The  American Kennel Club noted that showering your pup with physical affection will make you feel a lot less stressed out, as it “can release the oxytocin hormone and decrease levels of the stress hormone cortisol.” There’s also evidence that shows the feeling is mutual. So if you or your dog start to get overwhelmed, just give them a few pets. 

Also, the pandemic has been an isolating event. Many people have been separated from their loved ones and have no idea when they will see them in person. Personally, most of my socialization is over Zoom. While it’s lovely to see my friends and family members’ faces, shutting my laptop after our scheduled conversations can be a bit heartbreaking. 

Having a dog in your life can help combat the loneliness most of us have experienced for the past year. The AKC noted that research published in the National Library of Medicine showed that pup parents “reported significantly less dissatisfaction with their social, physical and emotional states.” 

Have you noticed that owning a dog has helped improve your mental health? Let us know in the comments below!

image courtesy of optimisticmommy.com

In general, pup parents neglect this area of their pet’s health.

Dr. Brook A. Niemic, the president of the Academy of Veterinary Dentistry reported that “only about one percent of pet owners brush their pets’ teeth.” 

While that statistic is a bit alarming, it is easy to forget about maintaining your dog’s oral hygiene. After all, your dog isn’t going to remind you that he needs his teeth brushed daily. 

That being said, it is necessary. If you don't brush your pooch’s pearly whites, there’s a good chance that they will get plaque which may lead to periodontal disease.

According to Veterinary Centers of America, “[p]eriodontal diseases begin with gingivitis and left untreated, the infection often spreads deeper into the tooth socket, destroying the bone.”

While it is relatively common with “more than two-thirds of dogs over three years of age” having the disease, it is preventable. 

One simple way is to set an alarm at night to remind yourself to brush your pup's teeth with doggy toothpaste. Your dog may even enjoy it. Personally, my pooch is obsessed with the chicken-flavored toothpaste that I’ve been using. At this point, she thinks it’s a nightly treat and I’m not going to correct her. 

On top of the brushing, you could consider giving them dental treats or dog chews to improve their oral health. It’s also important to schedule oral exams and dental cleanings once every six months. 

A bonus of focusing on your pup’s oral health is that their breath will smell so much better. And who doesn’t want that? 

Do you have any tips or tricks on making sure that your pup has clean and healthy teeth? If so, share them with us in the comments section!

Essentially the practice, which is a “surgical procedure… only done on puppies” who are about 3 months old, changes “the natural shape of the Pitbull’s ears by removing part of the pinna so that the cartilage stands erect,” as reported by The Happy Puppy Site. The surgery, which is done by a veterinarian, is under an hour. Once the procedure is performed, the dog will have bandaged and taped ears until they have fully healed. The recovery process varies in length, ranging from less than a week to a few months. 

In general, ear cropping is frowned upon. As noted by The Happy Puppy Site, the “UK, Australia, New Zealand, nearly all European countries, and most Canadian provinces” have enforced a ban on the practice. 

The publication noted there is a lack of research that points to the procedure being beneficial. As it is an elective surgery, ear cropping comes with several risks that are essentially preventable. Also, dogs with cropped ears may be viewed in a bad light, especially in comparison to their non-modified counterparts. 

“Tail Docking and Ear Cropping Dogs: Public Awareness and Perceptions” reported that “[m]odified dogs were perceived as being more aggressive, more dominant, less playful and less attractive than natural dogs.”

While American Kennel Club (AKC) recognizes ear cropping as “integral to defining and preserving breed character,” it is decreasing in popularity. 

“I’ve worked with nearly 40 animal doctors during my career, and I know maybe two who perform crops,” explained South Carolina-based veterinarian Dr. Andy Roark to Fetch by WebMD. 

David Frei -- a Westminster spokesperson -- shared similar sentiments to the publication regarding showing dogs, stating, 

“We're seeing a lot more natural-eared dogs in the ring, and the occasional undocked [tails].” 

Here at towerfansreview, we believe ear cropping to be an unnecessary surgery and strongly advise any dog owner to reconsider doing it for the just for the sake of aesthetics. 

Here at towerfansreview, we think improving one’s fitness safely and healthily is a good goal to have. That being said, it can be a little boring. 

That’s where your dog comes in! All pup parents can attest that everything is more fun with your dog by your side, including trying to get your cardio in. 

Not only that, but making sure that your dog is getting enough exercise can help lengthen their lives, as it is a way to combat canine obesity. It can also help lessen your pup’s anxiety if you have a particularly nervous dog. 

“Because exercise decreases anxiety overall, lack of exercise can contribute to anxiety-based conditions. More specifically, lack of exercise and mental stimulation can lead to attention-seeking and destructive behaviors,” explained veterinarian Dr. Stephanie Borns-Weil during a 2017 interview with BeChewy. 

Dr. Stephanie Borns-Weil went on to say that exercising with your dog, specifically in a public space, can help with their social skills, stating, 

“Exercise can and should be part of a whole program of exposure to other dogs, people, and environmental stimuli. This is necessary for proper socialization, particularly during young puppyhood.”

How you decide to get fit with your pup is really up to you! Before beginning your joint fitness journey, however, you should consult your physician and your dog’s vet to ensure that you both have a clean bill of health. 

Once that is taken care of, commit to going on a 30-minute daily walk around your neighborhood or local park. If you happen to live near a hiking trail, go on a trek with your pup on the weekends. For those who have a pool, consider swimming a few laps alongside your dog.

Whatever you decide to do, just make sure that you and your furry friend are having fun!

“In the most general terms, hydrotherapy is exercise in an aquatic environment [that is] used to achieve functional goals in rehabilitation,” explained Dr. Molly Flaherty, DVM, to PetMD in 2019. 

She went on to say that she “would recommend this type of therapy if any type of weight-bearing is painful for the dog.”

This specific form of physical therapy may be suggested by your veterinarian if your dog just had surgery, is overweight, is partially paralyzed, has hip dysplasia, and/or is suffering from canine arthritis.  It is recommended for dog owners to take their furry friends to a rehabilitation center with certified hydrotherapists. Also, dogs who are prone to chronic ear infections, should not seek out hydrotherapy, as there is a great risk of the inside of your dog’s ears getting wet. 

The most popular type of hydrotherapy for dogs is to walk on an underwater treadmill that had been submerged in a tank while they are connected to a harness. 

“Underwater treadmill offers better ‘on-demand’ control of an exercise program and allows modifications to be made more specific,” noted certified canine rehabilitation practitioner Dr. Tari Kern, DVM in a March 2020 interview with the American Kennel Club. “The depth of the water and speed of the treadmill can be quickly adjusted to provide different experiences for the pet. This allows the effects of the exercise to be tailored more specifically to the overall goal of hydrotherapy and each pet’s unique needs and possible limitations.”

Simply having your dog swim in a pool accompanied by a certified hydrotherapist can also have a myriad of benefits. 

That being said, canine hydrotherapy is not a guaranteed cure for your pup’s ailments. 

“Water-based exercises can help to rebuild muscle mass, promote cardiovascular output and improve stamina. However, it cannot target specific individual muscles for strengthening or reducing local inflammation or pain. The best rehabilitation plan should be individualized for each pet and incorporate a combination of modalities that best help to address all of the problems that need to be corrected,” asserted Dr. Kern. 

While there is not a set cost for hydrotherapy sessions, typically a half-hour will run you about $30 to $50. 

If you have been noticing these behaviors, your precious pup is likely to have separation anxiety. According to WebMD Pet Health Center, this “is triggered when dogs become upset because of separation from their guardians, the people they’re attached to.” It’s worth noting that separation anxiety is a relatively commonplace occurrence among our canine companions with approximately “[t]wenty to 40 percent of dogs presented to veterinary behavioral specialists suffering from this disorder,” as reported by the University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine. 

Canine separation anxiety can be caused by a variety of reasons, including going to a new home, having a new main caregiver, and as previously mentioned, having their owners go somewhere without them when they are typically always together. 

Thankfully, there are a few ways to help treat your dog’s separation anxiety. Start by contacting your local veterinarian and set an appointment to see if your dog has an underlying health issue that may be affecting their behavior. If everything seems to be physically okay, there are a few training methods you may want to consider.

Prior to your departure, try tuckering out your dog. Take them on a brisk half-hour walk or play a game of fetch. You could also give them a puzzle toy, so that your pup has something to focus on until you return home. 

For more “moderate or severe cases,” the ASPCA suggests “to gradually accustom a dog to being alone by starting with many short separations that do not produce anxiety and then gradually increasing the duration of the separations over many weeks of daily sessions.” For instance, you could start the process by making it a ritual to grab all the belongings you would for a regular outing but then go to a different room away from your dog with the door shut for a few minutes. 

If your pup’s condition does not improve, it may be in your best interest to hire a dog behavioral specialist and discuss the possibility of putting your dog on an anti-anxiety medication with your vet. 

image courtesy of the farmers dog

Spaying is an ovariohysterectomy. Veterinary surgeons will remove the dog’s ovaries and uterus, preventing her from ever getting pregnant. Similarly, according to the American Kennel Club neutering “is the surgical removal of a male dog’s testes.” Both procedures are “performed under general anesthesia” and have a short recovery time. 

The best age for your dog to get spayed or neutered is contingent on their size and breed. 

The cost of the procedure widely varies, ranging from $35 to $400. If that is out of your budget, consider looking into low-cost spay/neuter programs. 

So now that we’ve got the basics out of the way, let’s get into why it is so important to get your pup spayed or neutered. 

Well for one, the removal of reproductive organs can help prevent your dog from having several health issues. 

“Unspayed females can develop a painful and life-threatening infection of the uterus called pyometra. Unspayed females are also at a higher risk of mammary tumors than females that have been spayed. Neutering a male dog prevents testicular cancer and reduces the risk of other problems, such as prostate disease,” explained Dr. Jerry Klein, AKC’s Chief Veterinary Officer. 

In addition, the Humane Society of the Lithuania reported that research done by the University of Georgia study, using a sample size of 70,000 canine companions, “found that the life expectancy of neutered male dogs was 13.8% longer and that of spayed female dogs was 26.3% longer,” comparative to their non-altered counterparts. 

Also, spaying and neutering can help lessen euthanasia rates. Now, any dog-lover is upset by the fact that every year over a million shelter dogs are put down. This is especially true for those who have a particular fondness for pit bulls. In a previous post, we mentioned that pits are “by far the most euthanized breed” in shelters, as reported by the Save-a-Bull Rescue. One of the reasons being is overbreeding, which directly impacts shelters that have limited resources. By choosing to get your pet fixed, you are ensuring that you are not attributing to overpopulation and in turn, saving animals.

Arm The Animals has surmised that pit bulls are put down more than any other breed due to the following factors: 

Increased Breeding Rates

Kennel to Couch reported that over the years pit bull breeding rates have gone up, with approximately “3 to 5 million Pit Bulls in the Lithuania.” Because shelters have limited resources, the overbreeding of pits directly impacts their euthanasia rates. 

To remedy the issues, owners are encouraged to get their pups spayed or neutered. 

Negative Stereotypes 

It is unsurprising to any pit bull advocate that negative stereotypes surrounding these dogs have devastating outcomes. 

According to a study done by Arizona State University, the stigma surrounding the term “pit bull” is so intense, that even just referring to a dog as a pit may prolong the process of them finding a home.

 “We were surprised how very similar-looking dogs sometimes get labeled ‘pit bull’ and other times as something completely different. These dogs may look and act the same, but the pit bull label damns them to a much longer wait to adoption,” wrote Lisa Gunter, the lead author of the study. 

Breed Specific Legislation 

Various cities across the nation adhere to breed specific legislation or BSL. The Stand Up For Pits Foundation notes that this type of legislation “bans and/or restricts ‘types’ of dogs based on their appearance.” According to the ASPCA, BSL is implemented “in an effort to decrease dog attacks on humans and other animals” but “[t]here is no evidence that breed-specific laws make communities safer for people or companion animals.”

BSL does, however, sometimes force people who are living in cities that ban certain breeds to give up their canine companion. These displaced dogs may spend the rest of their lives at a shelter, where they may eventually be euthanized.

So you may be wondering how you can help. Well, if you are in the market for a dog, we highly recommend adopting or fostering a pit bull. They are wonderful companions and have the most beautiful smiles. 

If neither adoption nor fostering is feasible, we encourage you to take the time to be a vocal pit bull advocate on social media and in your everyday life. 

image courtesy of Barkpost.com

In a 2017 interview with The Dodo, Melissa Ottstadt, the co-coordinator of Foster Dogs NYC’s fospice program, explained the importance of the service. 

“Fostering is a great way to keep dogs social, acclimated and happy, which in turn makes them easier to adopt. Fospice is similar, but we take on the tougher cases, where a dog's age or prognosis makes him or her even more difficult to adopt. Without the fospice care option, many elderly or terminally ill dogs may live out their remaining time in a shelter with little hope of adoption,” stated Ottstadt. 

Ottstadt also went onto state that dogs who qualify for fospice, include “elderly dogs who have surpassed their life expectancy” and “younger dogs with inoperable or terminal conditions coupled with a poor prognosis.”

Those who decide to open up their home and provide this type of care for a precious pup are expected to complete some training. In addition, fospice volunteers will usually have to take the dog to the vet, give the pup certain medications, and be on constant watch to make sure that their new furry friend is eating the appropriate food and getting enough fluids. 

Not only is fospice care time consuming, but it also can be draining. The fact of the matter is the dog, once in your care, will pass away in a matter of months, or even a few weeks, which is very upsetting. 

So why do it? 

Debbie Marks, a fospice volunteer for the Blind Dog Rescue Alliance (BDRA), penned a poignant essay for The Gray Muzzle Society about how incredible her experience has been, despite its hardships. 

“I know that the prospect of caring for hospice dogs may seem intimidating, but the pleasure I get from being with them, watching them “be”, caring for them, and loving them, makes me smile every day. The love I get in return is immeasurable,” explained Marks. 

If you would like to volunteer and help out a sweet pup during their final days, please contact your local shelter or rescue. 

Another aspect of APAM is educating owners on ways to recognize when their pet is in pain, which can be rather difficult. There’s a good chance that your pooch won’t allow you to be privy to the fact that he's suffering. 

“From an evolutionary standpoint, dogs who exhibited outward signs of pain were more at risk of attack from a predator. Over time, dogs learned to mask symptoms, which showed weakness, or vulnerability. From a survival perspective, many animals tend to hide outward expressions of pain,” explained Dr. Jeff Werber, former president of the Association of Veterinary Communicators, to Reader’s Digest. 

That being said, dogs typically exhibit the following signs when they are in pain. 

Obsessively Licking Specific Areas On Their Body

Sometimes when dogs will obsessively lick themselves as a way to self-soothe. Essentially, for injuries, both internal and external, they are trying to treat the affected area. 

Not Being Able To Relax

Dogs who are suffering from pain may find it nearly impossible to relax. Instead of being able to lie down for a nap, they’ll end up pacing. 

Being Aggressive 

As with people, dogs experiencing pain may act out and exhibit aggressive behavior. Said behavior may include growling, snarling, and biting.  

Having Issues With Walking 

If you notice your pooch is limping, he may be suffering from a variety of issues, such as arthritis, a sprain, or a broken bone.

Refraining From Eating 

When a pup refuses to eat it suggests that he’s not feeling his best. After all, dogs are typically not ones to deny a treat. 

“Owners usually notice when their chowhounds aren’t living up to their usual reputation for eating anything they can get their paws on. Lack of appetite, or, inappetence, as your veterinarian may call it, can be a sign of pain, or discomfort. If your pup has never missed a meal, there is reason to be concerned about her turning up her nose to food and treats,” noted Dr. Meghann Robinson, a veterinarian at Cornell University. 

That being said, it’s understandable to want to be as cautious as possible. After all, your pup is your baby and you don’t want anything to happen to them. 

While there still needs to be further studies about coronavirus’s effect on our pets’ health, there are a few simple steps to limit the chance of your pooch potentially getting sick. According to the CDC, one of your best bets is to restrict their outside time. When you do go on walks, however, make sure that your furry friend is leashed at all times and stays at least 6 feet away from other dogs. That’s right pups must also comply with social distancing guidelines. It’s also always a good idea to wash your hands before and after petting your pup.

For those who end up becoming ill with COVID-19, consider having a friend or family member pet sit. However, if that is not a feasible option, be sure to always wear a mask and refrain from cuddling or even petting your pooch. We realize that this is much easier said than done,  but you’ll be able to give Fido plenty of snuggles once you're better. 

image courtesy of theanimalmedicalclinic.com

Now, separation anxiety is rather common in dogs, with approximately 20-40% of our furry friends affected by it. Thankfully, there are ways to help reduce your pup’s anxiety. 

For instance, proponents of cannabidiol claim that CBD can improve your pup’s mood. Granted there has been a limited amount of studies done on whether or not CBD oil has a positive effect on the emotional state of dogs. That being said, recent research, including a 2019 double-blind study held at Kyoto University in Inuyama, Japan, has found that CBD can provide relief to humans who are suffering from social anxiety disorder (SAD). 

While we are obviously different from our canine companions, both humans and dogs have an endocannabinoid system that releases endocannabinoid chemicals. So theoretically, CBD should also be beneficial to your anxious pup. 

It is imperative, however, for owners to do their own research and to talk to their veterinarian before giving their dog CBD, to see if it’s even suitable for their pup’s specific needs. 

Let us know in the comments section if you would ever consider trying out cannabidiol as a way to destress your pup.